Here we learn how the Standard Model of Physics was tested, and how the existence of fusion in the core of the Sun was actually determined. This led to two Nobel Prizes, and a lot of dry-cleaning fluid down a deep, deep hole. This is part of my intro Astronomy class taught at Willam Paterson University and CUNY Hunter. Proton-proton chain reaction: Neutrino: The Solar Neutrino problem: Homestake experiment: Raymond Davis Jr.: Sudbury Neutrino Observatory: Super-Kamiokande neutrino detector: Neutrino oscillation: Standard Model of Particle Physics: 0:00 Introduction 0:57 Back to Stellar Structure... 2:40 What are Neutrinos? 5:38 The Proton-Proton Chain Makes A Puzzle! 6:20 Lots of Neutrinos 7:40 7,000,000,000,000 Solar Neutrinos? REALLY? 9:49 The Hunt for Solar Neutrinos 10:42 Homestake Mine Neutrino Detector 12:12 The Solar Neutrino Problem 14:20 Spotting Neutrinos: Billiard-Style 15:51 Cherenkov Light in a Nuclear Reactor 19:26 The MSW Effect 19:30 The Super-Kamiokande sees up and down 19:59 SNO (Sudbury Neutrino Observatory) 21:57 Fusion DOES Happen in the Sun! 23:59 REVIEW QUESTIONS.